Abscesses are indeed classified as localized infections. This is because they typically occur in a specific area of the body in response to infection, where the immune system has localized its response to combat invading pathogens. The accumulation of pus, which consists of dead cells, bacteria, and white blood cells, forms a distinct mass that can often be felt or seen in the affected area.
Localized infections are confined to one area and can cause symptoms such as swelling, redness, and pain at the site, which are characteristic of abscesses. In contrast, systemic infections affect the entire body or multiple systems, often spreading through the bloodstream. Fungal and viral infections are caused by different types of pathogens than the bacteria typically responsible for abscess formation, further solidifying why the classification of abscesses aligns with localized infections rather than the other options.